Here is an old-fashioned method of sawing. This is the way lumbed is sawed in Manchuria by the Chinese. The saws are made somewhat like the crosscut saw used to fell trees and to saw logs in our lumber districts. But in Manchuria boards are ripped from the logs in the manner you see. One end of the squared log is put on poles, the other end rests on the ground. Then one man mounts the log and the other stands beneath it. Back and fourth they pull the ssaw, cutting in a straight mark drawn on the surface of the log. It is a slow process. The picture here shwon was taken during the Russo-Japanese War. The Chinamen were sawing timbers for the Japanese army. When was this war? What was it about? Who won it? Manchuria is a part of China. It lies east of Mongolia and north of Chosen. It gets its names from the Manchus, the people who

formerly lived here. Now the Manchus are the ruling class in China. For a long time Manchuria was looked upon by the Chinese as a cold, worthless country. The Chinese then sent their criminals to exile in Manchuria. The province is very cold in winter, but it is ruch in many minerals and products. Beans are raised extensively, and mining and lumbering are carried on. Hunting game in the great wood is profitable on account of the meat and furs. Dogs are raised for meat and for their skins. Manchuria is 3 times as large as the British Isles. It would make 10 states the size of Indiana. Its population is 13,000,000 or twice that of the state of Illinois. What great country lies north of Manchuria? On what sea does it touch? What is the color of the people pictures? What about the scene suggests war?